Cervical cancer is a form of cancer that affects the cervix, which connects the uterus to the vagina. It is a slow-growing cancer that may not cause symptoms in the early stages, but if left untreated, it can spread to other parts of the body.
The main cause of cervical cancer is infection with specific forms of human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV is a prevalent sexually transmitted infection that can be avoided with vaccination. Other risk factors for cervical cancer include smoking, having multiple sexual partners, and having a weakened immune system.
Cervical cancer symptoms include abnormal vaginal bleeding, abnormal vaginal discharge, and pelvic pain. However, these symptoms can also be caused by other problems, so it is important to contact a doctor if you experience any of them.
The Pap test (commonly known as a Pap smear) and the HPV test are two screening procedures that can help detect cervical cancer early. The Pap test looks for abnormalities in cervix cells, whereas the HPV test searches for HPV DNA in cervical cells. These tests can be performed as part of a routine pelvic exam.
Cervical cancer treatment options include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. The type of treatment recommended will be determined by the stage of the cancer and the patient’s overall condition.
Women should get frequent cervical cancer tests beginning at the age of 21, or within three years of becoming sexually active, whichever comes first. Getting an HPV vaccine and practicing safe sex can also help lower the risk of developing cervical cancer.
If you are sexually active, it is important to protect yourself against HPV and other sexually transmitted infections by using condoms and getting vaccinated. If you are a smoker, quitting smoking can also help reduce your risk of developing cervical cancer.
To conclude, cervical cancer is a serious condition that can be prevented and treated if detected early. You can protect yourself and stay healthy by getting frequent checkups and taking steps to reduce your risk.